2.6 Summary

2.6 Summary:

 This chapter includes the introduction about the structure of this chapter. In next part of this chapter need for development of EMS and main stages of development has been discussed.  The role of EMS as a driving force for sustainable development has been explained with supporting evidence from previous work done. In order to remain competitive and sustainable, improvement and up gradation of existing programmes and policies are mandatory to compete at global level. Implementation of EMS has been considered as a tool to ease trade barriers (Massoud et al: 2010) and to gain competitive advantage over competitors.

 Followed by EMS as tool for sustainable development, the constraints in implementation of EMS have been discussed. Literature reveals different factors which hinder the implementation process of EMS have quite similarity with work done before. The environmental trends have gained the attention of stakeholders has gained attention of environmental experts.

In addition, lack of participation and information, lack of understanding and expertise, lack of infrastructure with poor top management commitment is considered as constraints in implementation of EMS. High cost involved in certification process and lack of best available technology is considered as barrier to implementation.  

A similarity has been found regarding constraints and implementation of EMS. Different strategies and critical success factors have been suggested by experts for successful implementation of EMS.

 Pfliegner K (Hillary: 1997 p43-5) proposed that Harmonization and non- discriminatory application of standard, development of infrastructure can ease the implementation process with mutual understanding, information sharing and participation of public sector, NGOs and other relevant bodies. 

In short this chapter provides information about the background of EMS, its role and constraints in implementation with recommendation and suggestions for further improvement in implementation. Finally, the overall benefits and incentives have been discussed that firms can gain through implementation of EMS. The research methodology will be discussed in next chapter in detail.