4-Findings and Discussion : 4.1 Brief about the Respondents:

4-Findings and Discussion

4.1 Brief about the Respondents:

This chapter reveals the findings of research work as described in previous chapter. The research focuses on two types of respondents having directly or indirectly link with each other. The respondents are divided into two categories like manufacturing sector and consultants. The manufacturing sector includes cement industry, refinery, and packages industry, fertilizer industry and metal manufacturers. The second participants are consultants who provide their services to industrial sector to cope with issues like quality management, environmental management, waste water treatment, environmental impact assessment, and training of the employees.

Table 4.1.1 General breakdown of respondents by sector and nature of business

Sector	Nature of Business
Manufacturing Sector	·         Fertilizer manufacturing ·         Paper and Packing industry ·         Polymer film manufacturing ·         Refinery ·         Cement manufacturing ·         Steel industry ·         others
Consultants	·         Consultant involve in implementation of EMS, QMS, Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), Solution of environmental problems, Training and development of the employees. ·         Risk Assessment, Solid Waste Management, Air and Noise pollution Control and similar other environmental management related activities

Almost, all of the responding organization especially manufacturing organization are ISO 14001 certified like Pakistan Refinery limited, Century paper mill ‘Abbas steel Group’. These organizations have sound track environmental management system and environmental policies as per requirement of ISO 14001.

National Directory of Environmental Consulting Firms aims at providing services and facilities to individual and organization to resolve their environmental issues. This directory has been used as source of information for consultant selection based on their practical background and provision and reliability of services towards EMS adoption and implementation.

Likewise ‘National Engineering Consultants and other consulting firms are operating in Pakistan from last many years and contributing to sustainable development and cleaner production in industrial sector of Pakistan. These outside supporting bodies are providing services from government level to individual sector in order to suggest effective solutions of complicated issues associated with environmental degradation. Finally, a combination of results from consulting firms and industrial sector has been formed to assess the constraints in implementation of EMS in Pakistan.

Figure 4.1.1: Total number of ISO 14001 certifications achieved per year.

The response of adoption and implementation of EMS in Pakistan remained slow. Above labelled figure 4.1.2 represents the breakdown of ISO 14001 certification achieved by different organization in last one and half decade emerged from 10^th and 12^th ISO survey. Though companies are striving to adopt ISO standard in order to get competitive advantage at international level but still many barriers are in way to successful implementation. However, business community, government agencies and other supporting bodies are committed to follow the ISO standards but for this purpose awareness of EMS among all level of participants are vital.